Abstract
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC), nke a na-akpọkarị diamond composite, agbanweela ụlọ ọrụ ịhịa aka n'ahụ nkenke n'ihi ike siri ike ya na-enweghị atụ, eyi nguzogide na nkwụsi ike ọkụ. Akwụkwọ a na-enye nyocha miri emi nke ihe onwunwe PDC, usoro nrụpụta, na ngwa dị elu na nhazi nkenke. Mkparịta ụka a na-ekpuchi ọrụ ya na ịkpụ ọsọ ọsọ dị elu, ichikota nkenke nke ọma, micro-machining, na mmepụta akụkụ ikuku. Na mgbakwunye, a na-edozi ihe ịma aka ndị dị ka ọnụ ahịa mmepụta dị elu na nhịkọ, yana usoro n'ọdịnihu na teknụzụ PDC.
1. Okwu mmalite
Nrụpụta nkenke chọrọ ihe ndị nwere ike dị elu, ịdịte aka na nkwụsi ike ọkụ iji nweta izi ezi-ọkwa micron. Ngwá ọrụ ọdịnala dị ka tungsten carbide na ígwè dị elu na-adabakarị n'ọnọdụ dị oke egwu, na-eduga na nnabata nke ihe ndị dị elu dị ka Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC). PDC, ihe dabere na diamond sịntetị, na-egosipụta arụmọrụ na-enweghị atụ n'ịrụ ihe ndị siri ike na nke na-emebi emebi, gụnyere ceramik, ihe ndị mejupụtara, na nchara siri ike.
Akwụkwọ a na-enyocha ihe ndị bụ isi nke PDC, usoro mmepụta ya, na mmetụta mgbanwe ya na nhazi nkenke. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-enyocha ihe ịma aka dị ugbu a na ọganihu n'ọdịnihu na teknụzụ PDC.
2. Ihe onwunwe nke PDC
PDC nwere oyi akwa polycrystalline diamond (PCD) jikọtara ya na ngwongwo tungsten carbide n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide dị elu, oke okpomọkụ (HPHT). Njirimara ndị bụ isi gụnyere:
2.1 Oke isi ike na nguzogide iyi
Diamond bụ ihe kacha sie ike mara (Mohs hardness of 10), na-eme ka PDC dị mma maka ịme ihe abrasive.
Nguzogide iyi ka elu na-agbatị ndụ ngwaọrụ, na-ebelata oge ịla n'iyi na nhazi nkenke.
2.2 Igwe ọkụ dị elu
Mgbasa ọkụ dị mma na-egbochi nrụrụ okpomọkụ n'oge nhazi ngwa ngwa.
Na-ebelata iyi ngwá ọrụ ma na-emezi njedebe elu.
2.3 Chemical kwụsie ike
Na-eguzogide mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na ihe ndị na-abụghị igwe.
Na-ebelata mmebi ngwá ọrụ na gburugburu ndị na-emebi emebi.
2.4 Ike mgbaji
Ngwakọta carbide tungsten na-akwalite nguzogide mmetụta, na-ebelata nchichi na nbiji.
3. Usoro nrụpụta nke PDC
Mmepụta PDC gụnyere ọtụtụ usoro dị oke egwu:
3.1 Synthesis diamond ntụ ntụ
A na-emepụta ụmụ irighiri ihe diamond sịntetị site na HPHT ma ọ bụ ntinye mmiri mmiri kemịkalụ (CVD).
3.2 Usoro mmechi
A na-agbanye ntụ ntụ diamond n'elu mkpụrụ osisi tungsten carbide n'okpuru oke nrụgide (5-7 GPa) na okpomọkụ (1,400-1,600 ° C).
Ihe na-akpata ọla (dịka ọmụmaatụ, cobalt) na-eme ka njikọta diamond na diamond.
3.3 Nhazi mgbe emechara
A na-eji laser ma ọ bụ igwe mgbapụta ọkụ eletrik (EDM) mee PDC ka ọ bụrụ ngwaọrụ ịkpụ.
Ngwọta dị n'elu na-eme ka adhesion na-ebelata nrụgide fọdụrụnụ.
4. Ngwa na nkenke Machining
4.1 Ịcha ọsọ dị elu nke ihe ndị na-abụghị ígwè
Ngwa PDC kacha mma n'ichepụta aluminom, ọla kọpa, na ihe mejupụtara eriri carbon.
Ngwa n'ime akpaaka (piston machining) na eletrọnịkị (PCB igwe nri).
4.2 Ultra-nkenke egweri nke Ngwa anya
A na-eji lens na imepụta enyo maka lasers na teliskop.
Na-emeta ịdị nro dị n'elu ala-micron (Ra <0.01 µm).
4.3 Micro-Machining maka ngwaọrụ ahụike
PDC micro-drills na igwe igwe ngwụcha na-emepụta atụmatụ dị mgbagwoju anya na ngwa ịwa ahụ na ntinye.
4.4 Aerospace akụrụngwa akụrụngwa
Machining titanium alloys na CFRP (carbon fiber-reinforced polymers) na obere iyi ngwá ọrụ.
4.5 ceramics di elu na igwe eji arụ ọrụ siri ike
PDC karịrị cubic boron nitride (CBN) n'ịrụ silicon carbide na tungsten carbide.
5. Ihe ịma aka na oke
5.1 Ọnụ mmepụta ihe dị elu
Njikọ HPHT na mmefu ihe onwunwe diamond na-egbochi nkuchi zuru ebe niile.
5.2 Na-emebi emebi na mbepụ
Ngwa PDC na-adịkarị mfe ịkụcha mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ ebe a na-akwụsị.
5.3 Mmebi ọkụ na oke okpomọkụ
Eserese na-apụta n'elu 700°C, na-amachi ojiji n'iji akọrọ akọrọ nke ihe igwe.
5.4 ndakọrịta nwere oke na ọla ọla
Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ nwere ígwè na-eduga n'ike n'ike.
6. Ọdịnihu na ihe ọhụrụ
6.1 Nano-ahaziri PDC
Ntinye nke mkpụrụ osisi nano-diamond na-eme ka ike sie ike ma na-eyi nguzogide.
6.2 Ngwakọ PDC-CBN Ngwa
Ijikọta PDC na cubic boron nitride (CBN) maka igwe igwe ferrous.
6.3 Mgbakwunye Ngwakọta PDC
Mbipụta 3D na-enyere geometry dị mgbagwoju anya maka ngwọta igwe ahaziri ahazi.
6.4 mkpuchi mkpuchi dị elu
Ihe mkpuchi carbon dị ka diamond (DLC) na-emewanye ogologo ndụ ngwaọrụ.
7. Nkwubi okwu
PDC abụrụla ihe dị mkpa na nhazi nkenke, na-enye arụmọrụ na-enweghị atụ na ịkpụ ọsọ ọsọ dị elu, nhịhịa ultra-nkenke, na micro-machining. N'agbanyeghị ihe ịma aka dị ka ọnụ ahịa dị elu na nhịkọ, ọganihu na-aga n'ihu na sayensị ihe onwunwe na usoro mmepụta ihe na-ekwe nkwa ịgbasa ngwa ya n'ihu. Ihe ọhụrụ ọhụrụ dị n'ọdịnihu, gụnyere nano-ahazi PDC na ngwakọ ngwakọ, ga-eme ka ọrụ ya sie ike na teknụzụ igwe na-esote ọgbọ.
Oge nzipu: Jul-07-2025
