I. Thermal wear na cobalt mwepụ nke PDC
N'ime usoro nrụgide siri ike nke PDC, cobalt na-eme dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali iji kwalite kpọmkwem nchikota diamond na diamond, na-eme ka diamond oyi akwa na tungsten carbide matrix na-aghọ a dum, n'ihi na PDC ịcha ezé kwesịrị ekwesị maka oilfield geological mkpọpu na elu siri ike na magburu onwe eyi iguzogide.
Okpomọkụ diamond nwere oke oke. N'okpuru nrụgide ikuku, elu diamond nwere ike ịgbanwe na okpomọkụ gburugburu 900 ℃ ma ọ bụ karịa. N'oge eji, PDC ọdịnala na-eweda ala na ihe dịka 750 ℃. Mgbe a na-egwu ala n'ígwé nkume siri ike na nke abrasive, PDC nwere ike iru okpomọkụ a n'ụzọ dị mfe n'ihi okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ozugbo (ya bụ, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị na ọkwa microscopic) nwere ike ịdị elu karịa, karịa ebe mgbaze nke cobalt (1495 ° C).
E jiri ya tụnyere diamond dị ọcha, n'ihi ọnụnọ nke cobalt, diamond na-atụgharị na graphite na obere okpomọkụ. N'ihi nke a, ihe na-eyi na diamond na-akpata site na graphitization nke sitere na okpomọkụ esemokwu mpaghara. Na mgbakwunye, ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye thermal nke cobalt dị elu karịa nke diamond, yabụ n'oge ikpo ọkụ, njikọ dị n'etiti mkpụrụ diamond nwere ike imebi site na mgbasawanye nke cobalt.
N'afọ 1983, ndị nchọpụta abụọ mere ọgwụgwọ mwepụ diamond n'elu ọkwa PDC diamond ọkọlọtọ, na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke ezé PDC dịkwuo elu. Agbanyeghị, ihe mepụtara a enwetaghị nlebara anya kwesịrị ya. Ọ bụ ruo mgbe 2000 ka, na nghọta miri emi nke PDC diamond n'ígwé, akukuku suppliers malitere itinye nkà na ụzụ a na PDC ezé eji na nkume egwu egwu. Ezé e ji usoro a emeso ya dabara adaba n'ụdị abrasive nke ukwuu nwere nnukwu ihe eji eme ihe na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-akpọkarị ezé "de-cobalted".
A na-eme ihe a na-akpọ "de-cobalt" n'ụzọ omenala iji mee PDC, mgbe ahụ, a na-agbanye elu nke oyi akwa diamond ya na acid siri ike iji wepụ oge cobalt site na usoro etching acid. Omimi nke mkpochapụ cobalt nwere ike iru ihe dịka 200 microns.
Emere ule iyi dị arọ na ezé PDC abụọ yiri ya (otu n'ime ha nwetara ọgwụgwọ mkpochapụ cobalt n'elu akwa diamond). Mgbe e gbuchara 5000m nke granite, a chọpụtara na ọnụ ọgụgụ iyi nke PDC na-ewepụghị cobalt malitere ịba ụba nke ukwuu. N'ụzọ dị iche, PDC-e wepụrụ cobalt nọgidere na-enwe ọsụsọ mbelata dịtụ ntakịrị ma na-egbutu ihe dịka 15000m nke nkume.
2. Usoro nchọpụta nke PDC
Enwere ụdị ụzọ abụọ iji chọpụta ezé PDC, ya bụ ule na-emebi emebi na nnwale na-adịghị emebi emebi.
1. Nnwale na-emebi emebi
Ezubere ule ndị a iji mee ka ọnọdụ downhole dị ka n'ezie dị ka o kwere mee iji nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ịcha ezé n'okpuru ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ. Ụdị abụọ bụ isi nke ule nbibi bụ ule nguzogide iyi na ule nguzogide mmetụta.
(1) Yiri ule nguzogide
A na-eji ụdị akụrụngwa atọ iji mee ule nguzogide PDC:
A. Igwe kwụ ọtọ (VTL)
N'oge ule ahụ, buru ụzọ dozie ntakịrị PDC na lathe VTL wee tinye ihe nlele nkume (na-abụkarị granite) n'akụkụ ntakịrị PDC. Mgbe ahụ tụgharịa ihe nlele nkume gburugburu axis lathe n'otu ọsọ. The PDC bit bee n'ime nkume sample na kpọmkwem omimi. Mgbe ị na-eji granite maka nnwale, omimi nke ịkpụ a na-adịkarị ala karịa 1 mm. Nnwale a nwere ike ịbụ nkụ ma ọ bụ mmiri. Na "nnwale VTL akọrọ," mgbe PDC bit gafere na nkume, ọ dịghị mma na-etinye; ọkụ niile na-akpata esemokwu na-abanye na PDC, na-eme ka usoro nhazi nke diamond dịkwuo elu. Usoro nnwale a na-arụpụta nsonaazụ mara mma mgbe ị na-enyocha ibe n'ibe PDC n'okpuru ọnọdụ chọrọ nrụgide mkpọpu dị elu ma ọ bụ nnukwu ntụgharị ntụgharị.
"Nnwale VTL mmiri mmiri" na-achọpụta ndụ PDC n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị oke ọkụ site na iji mmiri ma ọ bụ ikuku mee ka ezé PDC dị jụụ n'oge ule. Ya mere, isi iyi iyi nke ule a bụ ịkwanye ihe atụ nkume kama ikpo ọkụ.
B, eriri kwụ ọtọ
A na-ejikwa granite mee ule a, ụkpụrụ nke ule ahụ bụ otu ihe ahụ na VTL. Oge ule bụ naanị nkeji ole na ole, na oke ujo dị n'etiti ezé granite na PDC dị oke oke.
Usoro ule granite nke ndị na-ebubata ngwa PDC na-eji ga-adị iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, usoro nyocha nke Synthetic Corporation na ụlọ ọrụ DI dị na United States na-eji abụghị otu, mana ha na-eji otu ihe ahụ granite maka ule ha, nnukwu nkume polycrystalline na-egbuke egbuke nke nwere obere porosity na ike mkpakọ nke 190MPa.
C. Akụrụngwa nha nha nhata
N'okpuru ọnọdụ a kapịrị ọnụ, a na-eji oyi akwa diamond nke PDC ewepụtụ silicon carbide na-egweri wheel, na nha nke nha nha nke igwe na-egweri na ọnụ ọgụgụ iyi nke PDC ka a na-ewere dị ka ntinye aka nke PDC, nke a na-akpọ nha nha.
(2) Nnwale mgbochi mmetụta
Usoro maka nnwale mmetụta gụnyere ịwụnye ezé PDC n'ogo ogo 15-25 wee tufuo ihe site n'ịdị elu ka ọ daa oyi akwa diamond na ezé PDC kwụ ọtọ. Ibu na ịdị elu nke ihe dara ada na-egosi mmetụta ike ike nke eze ule nwetara, nke nwere ike jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye ruo 100 joules. Enwere ike imetụta ezé ọ bụla ugboro 3-7 ruo mgbe enweghị ike ịnwale ya ọzọ. N'ozuzu, ọ dịkarịa ala, a na-anwale ụdị nha nha 10 n'ogo ike ọ bụla. Ebe ọ bụ na e nwere ihe dị iche iche na nguzogide ezé iji nweta mmetụta, nsonaazụ ule na ọkwa ume ọ bụla bụ nkezi mpaghara nke spalling diamond mgbe mmetụta maka ezé ọ bụla.
2. Nnwale na-adịghị emebi emebi
Usoro nyocha nke na-adịghị emebi emebi nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe (ma e wezụga nyocha anya na nke microscopic) bụ nyocha ultrasonic (Cscan).
Teknụzụ nyocha C nwere ike ịchọpụta obere ntụpọ wee chọpụta ebe na nha ntụpọ dị. Mgbe ị na-eme ule a, buru ụzọ tinye ezé PDC na tank mmiri, wee jiri nyocha ultrasonic nyochaa;
Ebigharịrị akụkọ a site na "International Metalworking Network"
Oge nzipu: Mar-21-2025
