Ngwá ọrụ PCD bụ nke polycrystalline diamond mma n'ọnụ mma na carbide matrix site na okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide nrụgide dị elu. Ọ nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị na-enye egwuregwu zuru ezu na uru nke ịdị elu nke ike siri ike, elu thermal conductivity, obere esemokwu esemokwu, obere mgbasawanye ọkụ ọkụ, obere njikọ na metal na-abụghị metal, elu na-agbanwe modul, ọ dịghị cleaving elu, isotropic, ma na-eburu n'uche na elu ike nke siri ike alloy.
Nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ, mmetụta siri ike na nguzogide iyi bụ isi ihe na-egosi arụmọrụ PCD. N'ihi na a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na okpomọkụ dị elu na gburugburu ebe nrụgide dị elu, nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ bụ ihe kacha mkpa. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ na-egosi na nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke PCD nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nguzogide iyi ya na mmetụta siri ike. Ihe omuma a gosiputara na mgbe okpomoku di elu karia 750 ℃, nguzogide iyi na ike ike nke PCD na-ebelata site na 5% -10%.
Ọnọdụ kristal nke PCD na-ekpebi akụrụngwa ya. Na microstructure, carbon carbon na-etolite njikọ dị n'akụkụ ya na atọm anọ dị n'akụkụ, nweta nhazi tetrahedral, wee mepụta kristal atomic, nke nwere ntụgharị siri ike na ike njide, yana ike siri ike. Isi arụmọrụ index nke PCD bụ ndị a: ① ike nwere ike iru 8000 HV, 8-12 ugboro carbide; ② thermal conductivity bụ 700W / mK, 1.5-9 ugboro, ọbụna elu karịa PCBN na ọla kọpa; ③ ọnụọgụ esemokwu bụ naanị 0.1-0.3, ihe na-erughị 0.4-1 nke carbide, na-ebelata ike nke ukwuu; ④ ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye thermal bụ naanị 0.9x10-6-1.18x10-6,1 / 5 nke carbide, nke nwere ike belata nrụrụ okpomọkụ ma melite nhazi nhazi; ⑤ na ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla bụ obere njikọ na-etolite nodules.
Cubic boron nitride nwere nguzogide oxidation siri ike ma nwee ike hazie ihe ndị nwere ígwè, mana ike siri ike dị ala karịa otu diamond kristal, nhazi ngwa ngwa na arụmọrụ dị ala. Otu diamond kristal nwere isi ike dị elu, mana ike ezughị oke. Anisotropy na-eme ka ọ dị mfe nkewa n'akụkụ (111) elu n'okpuru mmetụta nke ike mpụga, na nhazi nhazi dị oke. PCD bụ polymer mebere site na irighiri irighiri diamond nwere nha nha site n'ụzọ ụfọdụ. The chaotic ọdịdị nke disordered mkpokọta nke ahụ na-eduga ya macroscopic isotropic ọdịdị, na ọ dịghị directional na cleavage elu na tensile ike. E jiri ya tụnyere diamond otu kristal, oke ọka nke PCD na-ebelata anisotropy nke ọma ma na-ebuli akụrụngwa arụ ọrụ.
1. Ụkpụrụ imewe nke ngwaọrụ ịkpụ PCD
(1) Ezi uche nhọrọ nke PCD urughuru nha
N'ụzọ doro anya, PCD kwesịrị ịgbalị imezi ọka, na nkesa nke mgbakwunye n'etiti ngwaahịa kwesịrị ịdị ka otu dị ka o kwere mee iji merie anisotropy. Nhọrọ nke nha nha nke PCD na-emetụtakwa ọnọdụ nhazi. N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, PCD nwere ike dị elu, ịdị mma siri ike, mmetụta mmetụta dị mma na ọka dị mma nwere ike iji mee ihe maka imecha ma ọ bụ imecha nke ọma, na PCD nke ọka na-enweghị isi nwere ike iji mee ihe maka nhazi siri ike. Oke urughuru PCD nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ eji arụ ọrụ. Akwụkwọ ndị dị mkpa na-egosi na mgbe ọka na-emepụta ihe buru ibu, nkwụsị nke uwe na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye site na mbelata nke ọka, ma mgbe oke ọka dị ntakịrị, iwu a adịghị adaba.
Nnwale metụtara ahọrọ anọ diamond ntụ ntụ na nkezi urughuru nha nke 10um, 5um, 2um na 1um, na e kwubiri na: ① Na mbelata nke urughuru size nke akụrụngwa, Co diffuss ọzọ evenly; na mbelata nke ②, nguzogide eyi na nguzogide okpomọkụ nke PCD ji nwayọọ nwayọọ belata.
(2) Nhọrọ ezi uche dị na ya nke ụdị ọnụ agụba na ọkpụrụkpụ agụba
Ụdị ọnụ agụba na-agụnye akụkụ anọ: akụkụ tụgharịa, okirikiri na-enweghị isi, ihe mgbagwoju anya gbara gburugburu na akụkụ dị nkọ. The nkọ angular Ọdịdị na-eme ka ọnụ nkọ, na ọnwụ ọsọ bụ ngwa ngwa, nwere ike budata ibelata ọnwụ ike na burr, melite elu àgwà nke ngwaahịa, bụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị maka ala silicon aluminum alloy na ndị ọzọ ala ekweghị ekwe, edo na-abụghị ferrous metal finishing. The obtuse okirikiri Ọdịdị nwere ike passivate agụba ọnụ, akpụ R Angle, n'ụzọ dị irè gbochie agụba agbasa, adabara nhazi usoro / elu silicon aluminum alloy. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ pụrụ iche, dị ka omimi igbutu na-emighị emi na nri obere mma, a na-ahọrọ usoro okirikiri na-enweghị isi. The inverted onu Ọdịdị nwere ike dịkwuo n'ọnụ na nkuku, kwụsie ike agụba, ma n'otu oge ahụ ga-eme ka nrụgide na ịcha nguzogide, ọzọ adabara arọ ibu ọnwụ elu silicon aluminum alloy.
Iji mee ka EDM dị mfe, na-ahọrọkarị mpempe akwụkwọ PDC dị mkpa (0.3-1.0mm), gbakwunyere oyi akwa carbide, ngụkọta ọkpụrụkpụ nke ngwá ọrụ dị ihe dịka 28mm. Okpokoro carbide ekwesịghị ịdị oke oke iji zere stratification nke esemokwu nrụgide dị n'etiti elu njikọ
2, PCD ngwá ọrụ mmepụta usoro
Usoro mmepụta nke PCD ngwá ọrụ na-ekpebi kpọmkwem mbelata arụmọrụ na ndụ ọrụ nke ngwá ọrụ, nke bụ isi ihe na ngwa na mmepe ya. E gosipụtara usoro nrụpụta nke ngwa PCD na eserese 5.
(1) Nrụpụta mbadamba ihe mejupụtara PCD (PDC)
① Usoro nrụpụta nke PDC
PDC bụ ihe mejupụtara eke ma ọ bụ sịntetik diamond ntụ ntụ na onye na-ejikọta ya na oke okpomọkụ (1000-2000 ℃) na nrụgide dị elu (5-10 atm). Onye na-ekekọta ihe na-emepụta akwa akwa na TiC, Sic, Fe, Co, Ni, wdg dị ka ihe ndị bụ isi, na kristal diamond na-agbanye n'ime ọkpụkpụ nke akwa mmiri na-ejikọta ya n'ụdị covalent bond. A na-eme PDC ka ọ bụrụ diski nwere dayameta na ọkpụrụkpụ kwụ ọtọ, na egweri na nke a na-egbu maramara yana ọgwụgwọ anụ ahụ na kemịkal ndị ọzọ kwekọrọ. N'ezie, ụdị PDC dị mma kwesịrị ijigide àgwà anụ ahụ dị mma nke otu diamond kristal dị ka o kwere mee, ya mere, ihe mgbakwunye na anụ ahụ kwesịrị ịdị ntakịrị dị ka o kwere mee, n'otu oge ahụ, nchikota DD nke DD dị ka o kwere mee.
② Nhazi na nhọrọ nke ndị na-ekekọta ihe
Ihe nkedo bụ ihe kachasị mkpa na-emetụta nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke ngwaọrụ PCD, nke na-emetụta ike ya kpọmkwem, na-eyi nkwụsi ike na nkwụsị ọkụ. Ụzọ PCD jikọrọ ọnụ bụ: ígwè, cobalt, nickel na metal mgbanwe ndị ọzọ. A na-eji Co na W agwakọta ntụ ntụ dị ka onye na-ejikọta ọnụ, na arụmọrụ zuru oke nke PCD sintering kacha mma mgbe nrụgide njikọ bụ 5.5 GPa, okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ 1450 ℃ na mkpuchi maka 4min. SiC, TiC, WC, TiB2, na ihe ndị ọzọ seramiiki. SiC Nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke SiC dị mma karịa nke Co, mana ike na mgbaji siri ike dị ntakịrị. Mbelata nha akụrụngwa kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike melite ike na ike nke PCD. Enweghị nrapado, ya na graphite ma ọ bụ isi iyi carbon ndị ọzọ na oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide dị elu gbara ọkụ n'ime nanoscale polymer diamond (NPD). Iji graphite dị ka ihe mbụ iji kwadebe NPD bụ ọnọdụ na-achọsi ike, mana NPD synthetic nwere ike kachasị elu na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa kachasị mma.
Nhọrọ na njikwa nke ③ ọka
Ngwakọta ntụ ntụ diamond raw material bụ isi ihe na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke PCD. Idozi micropowder diamond, na-agbakwunye ntakịrị ihe na-egbochi uto irighiri diamond na-adịghị mma na nhọrọ ezi uche dị na ya nke mgbakwunye ihe mgbakwunye nwere ike igbochi uto nke irighiri diamond na-adịghị mma.
NPD dị ọcha dị elu nke nwere usoro edo edo nwere ike iwepụ anisotropy nke ọma wee meziwanye akụrụngwa akụrụngwa. A na-eji ntụ ntụ nanographite precursor nke a kwadebere site na usoro ịgbari ọkụ dị elu iji mezie ọdịnaya oxygen na oke okpomọkụ tupu ịmalite, na-agbanwe graphite ka ọ bụrụ diamond n'okpuru 18 GPa na 2100-2300 ℃, na-emepụta lamella na granular NPD, na ike na-abawanye na mbelata nke ọkpụrụkpụ lamella.
④ Ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ n'oge
N'otu okpomọkụ (200 ° ℃) na oge (20h), mmetụta mwepụ nke cobalt nke Lewis acid-FeCl3 dị mma karịa nke mmiri, na oke kachasị mma nke HCl bụ 10-15g / 100ml. Nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ nke PCD na-akawanye mma ka omimi mwepụ cobalt na-abawanye. Maka oke PCD na-eto eto, ọgwụgwọ acid siri ike nwere ike wepụ Co kpamkpam, mana ọ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na arụmọrụ polymer; na-agbakwunye TiC na WC iji gbanwee usoro polycrystal synthetic na ijikọta na ọgwụgwọ acid siri ike iji meziwanye nkwụsi ike nke PCD. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, usoro nkwadebe nke ihe PCD na-emeziwanye, ngwaahịa siri ike dị mma, anisotropy emewo ka ọ dịkwuo mma, achọpụtala mmepụta azụmahịa, ụlọ ọrụ ndị metụtara ya na-etolite ngwa ngwa.
(2) Nhazi nke agụba PCD
① usoro ịkpụcha
PCD nwere isi ike dị elu, ezigbo mgbochi iyi na usoro ịcha ihe siri ike.
② usoro ịgbado ọkụ
PDC na ahụ mma site na mwekota igwe, njikọta na brazing. Brazing bụ ịpị PDC na carbide matrix, gụnyere agụụ brazing, agụụ mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ, elu ugboro induction kpo oku brazing, laser ịgbado ọkụ, wdg High ugboro induction kpo oku brazing nwere ọnụ ala na nnukwu nloghachi, na-eji ọtụtụ ebe. Ogo ịgbado ọkụ metụtara flux, ịgbado ọkụ alloy na ịgbado ọkụ okpomọkụ. Welding okpomọkụ (n'ozuzu ala karịa 700 ° ℃) nwere kasị ukwuu mmetụta, okpomọkụ dị oke elu, dị mfe na-eme ka PCD graphitization, ma ọ bụ ọbụna "n'elu-ọkụ", nke na-emetụta kpọmkwem ịgbado ọkụ mmetụta, na oke ala okpomọkụ ga-eduga na-ezughị ịgbado ọkụ ike. Enwere ike ịchịkwa okpomọkụ ịgbado ọkụ site na oge mkpuchi na omimi nke PCD ọbara ọbara.
③ agụba egweri usoro
PCD ngwá ọrụ egweri usoro bụ isi ihe na-emepụta usoro. N'ozuzu, ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke agụba na agụba dị n'ime 5um, na arc radius dị n'ime 4um; n'ihu na azụ ịcha elu na-eme ka njedebe ụfọdụ dị elu, na ọbụna belata n'ihu ịkpụ elu Ra na 0.01 μ m iji mezuo ihe enyo chọrọ, mee ka ibe ahụ na-asọba n'akụkụ mma ihu ma gbochie mma ịrapara.
Usoro agụba agụba na-agụnye diamond egweri wheel n'ibu agụba egweri, electric spark agụba egweri (EDG), metal binder super hard abrasive egweri wheel online electrolytic finishing agụba egweri (ELID), mejupụtara agụba egweri machining. N'ime ha, igwe igwe igwe na-egweri diamond bụ nke kachasị tozuru oke, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.
Nnwale metụtara: ① na keadighi rarii urughuru egweri wheel ga-eduga oké njọ agụba ida, na urughuru size nke egweri wheel ibelata, na àgwà nke agụba-aghọ mma; The urughuru size nke ② egweri wheel nwere njikọ chiri anya na agụba àgwà nke ọma urughuru ma ọ bụ ultrafine urughuru PCD, ma nwere oke mmetụta na keadighi rarii urughuru PCD ngwaọrụ.
Nnyocha ndị metụtara ya n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ na-elekwasịkarị anya na usoro na usoro egweri agụba. N'ime usoro egweri agụba, mwepụ nke thermochemical na mwepu n'ibu bụ nke kachasị, na mwepụ na ike ọgwụgwụ dị ntakịrị. Mgbe ị na-egweri, dị ka ike na okpomọkụ na-eguzogide nke dị iche iche na-ekekọta gị n'ụlọnga diamond egweri wheel, melite ọsọ na swing ugboro nke egweri wheel dị ka o kwere mee, zere brittleness na ike ọgwụgwụ mwepụ, melite nkezi nke thermochemical mwepụ, na ibelata elu roughness. Ọdịdị dị elu nke ikpo ọkụ akọrọ dị ala, ma dị mfe n'ihi okpomọkụ nhazi dị elu, elu ngwá ọrụ ọkụ,
Usoro agụba egweri kwesịrị ntị ka: ① họrọ ezi uche agụba egweri usoro parameters, nwere ike ime ka ọnụ ọnụ àgwà ndị ọzọ magburu onwe, n'ihu na azụ agụba elu imecha elu. Otú ọ dị, tụleekwa ike na-egweri dị elu, nnukwu mfu, obere arụmọrụ na-egweri, ọnụ ahịa dị elu; ② họrọ ezi uche egweri wheel àgwà, gụnyere ihe nkedo ụdị, urughuru size, ịta, ihe nkedo, egweri wheel mgbakwasa, na ezi uche akọrọ na mmiri agụba egweri ọnọdụ, nwere ike ebuli ngwá ọrụ n'ihu na n'azụ akuku, mma n'ọnụ passivation uru na ndị ọzọ kwa, mgbe mma elu àgwà nke ngwá ọrụ.
Dị iche iche na-ekekọta diamond egweri wheel nwere dị iche iche e ji mara, na dị iche iche egweri usoro na mmetụta. Resin binder diamond ájá wheel dị nro, Ichicha ahụ dị mfe ịdapụ n'oge akachaghi aka, Enweghị nguzogide okpomọkụ, elu ahụ na-adị mfe nrụrụ site na okpomọkụ, agụba na-egweri elu na-adịkarị mfe iyi akara, Nnukwu ihe siri ike; Metal binder diamond egweri wheel na-nọ na-egbusi site-egweri egweri, Good formability, surfacing, Low elu roughness nke agụba egweri, Higher arụmọrụ, Otú ọ dị, na-ejikọta ike nke egweri ahụ na-eme ka onwe- nkọ dara ogbenye, na ọnwụ ọnụ dị mfe ịhapụ mmetụta ọdịiche, na-akpata oké mbelata mmebi; Ceramic binder diamond egweri wheel nwere a agafeghị oke ike, Ezi onwe-akpali akpali ịrụ ọrụ, More esịtidem pores, Favfor uzuzu mwepụ na okpomọkụ dissipation, nwere ike imeghari ka a dịgasị iche iche nke coolant, The ala egweri okpomọkụ, The egweri wheel na-erughị eyi, Good udi njigide, The ziri ezi nke kasị elu arụmọrụ, Otú ọ dị, ahụ diamond egweri na ihe nkedo na-eduga na nguzobe nke pits n'elu. Jiri dị ka nhazi ihe, keukwu egweri arụmọrụ, abrasive anwụ ngwa ngwa na elu àgwà nke workpiece.
Nnyocha e mere maka ịrụ ọrụ egweri na-elekwasị anya n'ịkwalite nrụpụta yana ọnụ ahịa njikwa. N'ozuzu, a na-eji ọnụ ọgụgụ egweri Q (mwepụ PCD kwa oge nkeji) na iyi nke G (oke nke mwepụ PCD na mfu wiil) dị ka njirisi nyocha.
German ọkà mmụta KENTER egweri PCD ngwá ọrụ na mgbe nile nrụgide, ule: ① na-abawanye na-egweri wheel ọsọ, PDC urughuru size na coolant itinye uche, egweri ọnụego na wear ratio na-ebelata; ② na-abawanye nha urughuru ihe, na-abawanye nrụgide mgbe niile, na-abawanye ụbara nke diamond na igwe igwe na-egweri, ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egweri na mmụba nha; ③ ihe nkedo ụdị dị iche iche, na-egweri ọnụego na wear ratio dị iche iche. KENTER A mụrụ usoro egweri agụba nke ngwa PCD n'usoro, mana enyochaghị mmetụta nke usoro ịkpụ agụba n'usoro.
3. Iji na ọdịda nke PCD ịkpụ ngwaọrụ
(1) Nhọrọ nke parampat ịcha ngwá ọrụ
N'ime oge mbụ nke ngwa PCD, ọnụ ọnụ dị nkọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agafe, na ịdịmma elu nke igwe na-akawanye mma. Passivation nwere ike n'ụzọ dị irè wepụ micro ọdịiche na obere burrs ada site agụba egweri, melite elu àgwà nke ọnwụ ọnụ, na n'otu oge ahụ, na-etolite a okirikiri ọnụ okirikiri ka afanyekwa na rụkwaa sichara n'elu, si otú mma elu mma nke workpiece.
PCD ngwá ọrụ elu-egwe ọka aluminum alloy, ọnwụ ọsọ bụ n'ozuzu na 4000m / min, oghere nhazi bụ n'ozuzu na 800m / min, nhazi nke elu na-agbanwe-plastic na-abụghị ferrous metal kwesịrị a elu ntụgharị ọsọ (300-1000m / min). A na-atụkarị aro olu nri n'etiti 0.08-0.15mm/r. oke ndepụta olu, ụba ọnwụ ike, ụba ihe fọdụrụ geometric mpaghara nke workpiece elu; oke nri nri dị ntakịrị, ịba ụba ọkụ na-ebelata, yana akwa akwa. Omimi nke ịkpụ na-abawanye, ike ịkpụ na-abawanye, ọkụ na-egbutu na-abawanye, ndụ na-ebelata, oke igbutu omimi nwere ike ime ka agụba daa ngwa ngwa; obere igbutu omimi ga-eduga machining hardening, eyi na ọbụna agụba ida.
(2) Yiri ụdị
Ngwá ọrụ nhazi workpiece, n'ihi esemokwu, elu okpomọkụ na ihe ndị ọzọ, eyi bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere. Ekike nke ngwaọrụ diamond nwere usoro atọ: oge mbụ eyi ngwa ngwa (nke a makwaara dị ka oge mgbanwe), usoro ejiji kwụsiri ike na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eyi mgbe niile, na usoro eyi ngwa ngwa na-esote. Usoro iyi ngwa ngwa na-egosi na ngwá ọrụ ahụ anaghị arụ ọrụ ma na-achọ ịkwagharị. Ụdị ihe eji egbutu ihe na-agụnye ihe nrapado (yiri ịgbado ọkụ oyi), iyi mgbasa ozi, uwe abrasive, eyi oxidation, wdg.
Dị iche na ngwaọrụ ọdịnala, ụdị ejiji nke PCD bụ ihe nrapado, iyi mgbasa na mmebi oyi akwa polycrystalline. N'ime ha, mmebi nke polycrystal oyi akwa bụ isi ihe mere, nke na-egosipụta dị ka aghụghọ agụba ida mere site mpụga mmetụta ma ọ bụ ọnwụ nke nrapado na PDC, akpụ a oghere, nke bụ nke anụ ahụ n'ibu mmebi, nke nwere ike iduga Mbelata nhazi nkenke na scrap nke workpieces. PCD urughuru size, agụba ụdị, agụba Angle, workpiece ihe na nhazi parameters ga-emetụta agụba ike na ọnwụ ike, na mgbe ahụ na-eme ka mmebi nke polycrystal oyi akwa. Na engineering omume, kwesịrị ekwesị akụrụngwa urughuru size, ngwá ọrụ parameters na nhazi parameters kwesịrị họrọ dị ka nhazi ọnọdụ.
4. Mmepe mmepe nke ngwaọrụ ịkpụ PCD
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a gbasaala ngwa ngwa nke ngwa PCD site na ntụgharị ọdịnala gaa na mkpọpu ihe, igwe igwe, igbutu ngwa ngwa, ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ụlọ na mba ọzọ. Mmụba ngwa ngwa nke ụgbọ ala eletrik abụghị naanị ebutela mmetụta na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala ọdịnala, kamakwa wetakwara ihe ịma aka na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya na ụlọ ọrụ akụrụngwa, na-agba ndị ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ngwa ọrụ ume ka ha kwalite nkwalite na ihe ọhụrụ.
Ngwa ngwa ngwa nke PCD abawanyela ma kwalite nyocha na mmepe nke ngwaọrụ ịkpụ. Site na nyocha miri emi nke nyocha, nkọwa PDC na-adịwanye nta ma na-adị ntakịrị, njikarịcha nchacha ọka ọka, ịdị n'otu arụmọrụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egweri na iyi akwa dị elu ma dị elu, ọdịdị na nhazi usoro. Ntuziaka nyocha nke ngwaọrụ PCD gụnyere: ① nyocha na imepụta oyi akwa PCD dị gịrịgịrị; ② nyocha na imepụta ihe akụrụngwa PCD ọhụrụ; ③ nyocha maka ngwaọrụ PCD ịgbado ọkụ ka mma wee belata ọnụ ahịa; ④ nnyocha na-eme ka PCD ngwá ọrụ na-egweri usoro iji melite arụmọrụ; ⑤ nyocha na-ebuli paramita ngwaọrụ PCD wee jiri ngwaọrụ dịka ọnọdụ mpaghara; ⑥ nyocha n'ụzọ ezi uche na-ahọrọ igbutu paramita dị ka ihe edoziri.
nchịkọta nkenke
(1) PCD ngwá ọrụ ịkpụ arụmọrụ, mejupụta maka ụkọ nke ọtụtụ carbide ngwaọrụ; n'otu oge ahụ, ọnụahịa dị ala karịa otu ngwá ọrụ diamond kristal, na ịkpụ oge a, bụ ngwá ọrụ na-ekwe nkwa;
(2) Dị ka ụdị na arụmọrụ nke ihe eji eme ihe, nhọrọ ezi uche dị na ya nke nha nha na parampat nke ngwaọrụ PCD, nke bụ ntọala nke nrụpụta na iji ngwá ọrụ,
(3) PCD ihe nwere ike siri ike, nke bụ ihe kacha mma maka ịkpụ mpaghara mma, mana ọ na-ewetakwa ihe isi ike maka ịkpụ ngwá ọrụ. Mgbe ị na-emepụta ihe, iji tụlee n'ụzọ zuru ezu usoro siri ike na nhazi mkpa, iji nweta ụgwọ ọrụ kachasị mma;
(4) PCD nhazi ihe na mma county, anyị kwesịrị ezi uche họrọ ọnwụ parameters, na ndabere nke izute ngwaahịa arụmọrụ, dị ka o kwere mee ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke ngwá ọrụ iji nweta itule nke ngwá ọrụ ndụ, mmepụta arụmọrụ na ngwaahịa mma;
(5) Nyochaa ma mepụta ngwa ngwa PCD ọhụrụ iji merie ihe ndọghachi azụ ya
E sitere na edemede a "netwọkụ akụrụngwa siri ike"
Oge nzipu: Mar-25-2025
